Factores de riesgo, causas y complicaciones de la infección en pacientes adultos con trasplante renal
Palabras clave:
Trasplante de riñón; infección; neutropenia; inmunosupresión; inmunocompetente
Resumen
La cirugía de trasplante de riñón acarrea riesgos y complicaciones de infección, pero a su vez sigue siendo uno de los avances médicos más importante y, actualmente, sigue representando la única esperanza terapéutica insuficiencia renal crónica. Sin embargo, existen factores asociados al trasplante, como los estados de neutropenia y la inmunosupresión, que favorecen la aparición de infecciones. Estas infecciones tienen peculiaridades en los pacientes trasplantados. En este sentido, existen enfermedades infecciosas que prácticamente sólo aparecen en situaciones de inmunosupresión y, además, la expresión clínica de determinadas infecciones puede ser distinta a las que tendría un paciente inmunocompetente. Dada la relevancia del tema en la evolución y pronóstico de los pacientes trasplantados es importante conocer los factores de riesgo, causas y complicaciones de la infección en pacientes adultos con trasplante renal.
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Citas
Chen YX, Li R, Gu L, Xu KY, Liu YZ, et al. (2019) Risk factors and etiology of repeat infection in kidney transplant recipients. Medicine (Baltimore) 98: e17312.
Hollyer I, Ison MG (2018) The challenge of urinary tract infections in renal transplant recipients. Transpl Infect Dis Off J Transplant Soc 20: e12828.
Xiong Y, Jiang J, Zhang H, Fu Q, Deng R, et al. (2018) Higher renal allograft function in deceased-donor kidney transplantation rather than in living-related kidney transplantation. Transplant Proc 50: 2412-22415.
Abderrahim E, Zammouri A, Bacha MM, Ounissi M, Gargah T, et al. (2017) Thirty years of experience at the first tunisian kidney transplant center. Exp Clin Transplant Off J Middle East Soc Organ Transplant 15: 84-89.
Noppakun K, Ingsathit A, Pongskul C, Premasthian N, Avihingsanon Y, et al. (2018) A 25-year experience of kidney transplantation in Thailand: Report from the Thai Transplant Registry. Nephrol Carlton Vic 20: 177-183.
Kumar A, Agarwal C, Hooda AK, Ojha A, Dhillon M, et al. (2017) Profile of infections in renal transplant recipients from India. J Fam Med Prim Care 5: 611-614.
Bahrami A, Shams SF, Eidgahi ES, Lotfi Z, Sheikhi M, et al. (2017) Epidemiology of infectious complications in renal allograft recipients in the first year after transplant. Exp Clin Transplant Off J Middle East Soc Organ Transplant 15: 631-635.
Hemmersbach-Miller M, Alexander BD, Sudan DL, Pieper C, Schmader KE (2019) Infections after kidney transplantation. Does age matter? Clin Transplant 33: e13516.
Sousa SR de, Galante NZ, Barbosa DA, Pestana JOM (2010) Incidence of infectious complications and their risk factors in the first year after renal transplantation. J Bras Nefrol Orgao Of Soc Bras E Lat-Am Nefrol 32: 75-82.
Kazımoğlu H, Harman R, Mercimek MN, Dokur M, Uysal E (2019) Evaluation of early and late-term infections after renal transplantation: Clinical experiences of Sanko University Medical Faculty Transplantation Center. Turk J Urol 45: 63-69.
Kotagiri P, Chembolli D, Ryan J, Hughes PD, Toussaint ND (2017) Urinary tract infections in the first year post-kidney transplantation: Potential benefits of treating asymptomatic bacteriuria. Transplant Proc 49: 2070-2075.
Al Midani A, Elands S, Collier S, Harber M, Shendi AM (2018) Impact of urinary tract infections in kidney transplant recipients: a 4-year single-center experience. Transplant Proc 50: 3351-3355.
Shuihui W, Xiaohui W, Yanyan D, Yunhong L, Yingxia L, et al. (2016) The prevalence and predictive factors of urinary tract infection in patients undergoing renal transplantation: A meta-analysis. Am J Infect Control 44: 1261-1268.
Ariza‐Heredia EJ, Beam EN, Lesnick TG, Cosio FG, Kremers WK, et al. (2014) Impact of urinary tract infection on allograft function after kidney transplantation. Clin Transplant 28: 683-690.
Green H, Rahamimov R, Gafter U, Leibovitci L, Paul M (2011) Antibiotic prophylaxis for urinary tract infections in renal transplant recipients: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Transpl Infect Dis Off J Transplant Soc 13: 441-447.
Espinar MJ, Miranda IM, Costa-de-Oliveira S, Rocha R, Rodrigues AG, et al. (2015) Urinary tract infections in kidney transplant patients due to escherichia coli and klebsiella pneumoniae-producing extendedspectrum β-Lactamases: Risk Factors and Molecular Epidemiology 10: 0134737.
Ariza-Heredia EJ, Beam EN, Lesnick TG, Kremers WK, Cosio FG,et al. (2013) Urinary tract infections in kidney transplant recipients: role of gender, urologic abnormalities, and antimicrobial prophylaxis. Ann Transplant 18: 195-204.
Khorvash F, Mortazavi M, Hakamifard A, Ataei B (2016) Comparison of the effect of co-trimoxazole and co-trimoxazole plus ciprofloxacin in urinary tract infection prophylaxis in kidney transplant patients. Adv Biomed Res 5:108.
Wojciechowski D, Chandran S (2013) Effect of ciprofloxacin combined with sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim prophylaxis on the incidence of urinary tract infections after kidney transplantation. Transplantation 96: 400-405.
Shapouri moghaddam A, Arfaatabar M, Tavakol afshari J, Shakerimoghaddam A, Mohammadzamani Z, et al. (2019) Prevalence and antimicrobial resistance of bacterial uropathogens isolated from iranian kidney transplant recipients: A systematic review and metaanalysis. Iran J Public Health 48: 2165-2176.
Parasuraman R, Julian K, AST Infectious Diseases Community of Practice (2013) Urinary tract infections in solid organ transplantation. Am J Transplant Off J Am Soc Transplant Am Soc Transpl Surg 13: 327-336.
Origüen J, López-Medrano F, Fernández-Ruiz M, Polanco N, Gutiérrez E, et al. (2016) Should asymptomatic bacteriuria be systematically treated in kidney transplant recipients? results from a randomized controlled trial. Am J Transplant Off J Am Soc Transplant Am Soc Transpl Surg 16: 2943-2953.
Green H, Rahamimov R, Goldberg E, Leibovici L, Gafter U, et al. (2013) Consequences of treated versus untreated asymptomatic bacteriuria in the first year following kidney transplantation: Retrospective observational study. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis Off Publ Eur Soc Clin Microbiol 32: 127-131.
Azap Ö, Togan T, Yesilkaya A, Arslan H, Haberal M, (2013) Antimicrobial susceptibilities of uropathogen Escherichia coli in renal transplant recipients: dramatic increase in ciprofloxacin resistance. Transplant Proc 45: 956-957.
Pouch SM, Kubin CJ, Satlin MJ, Tsapepas DS, Lee JR, et al. (2015) Epidemiology and outcomes of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae bacteriuria in kidney transplant recipients. Transpl Infect Dis Off J Transplant Soc 17: 800-809.
Rodrigues Dos Santos BG, Amaral ES, Fernandes PFCBC, Oliveira CMC, Rodrigues JLN, et al. (2016) Urinary Tract Infections and Surgical Site Infections due to Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae in Renal Transplant. Transplant Proc 48: 2050-2055.
Dizdar OS, Ersoy A, Akalin H (2014) Pneumonia after kidney transplant: incidence, risk factors and mortality. Exp Clin Transplant Off J Middle East Soc Organ Transplant 12: 205-211.
Kara S, Sen N, Kursun E, Yabanoğlu H, Yıldırım S, et al. (2018) Pneumonia in Renal Transplant Recipients: A Single-Center Study. Exp Clin Transplant Off J Middle East Soc Organ Transplant 16: 122-125.
Wilmes D, Coche E, Rodriguez-Villalobos H, Kanaan N (2018) Bacterial pneumonia in kidney transplant recipients. Respir Med 137: 89-94
Zeyneloğlu P (2015) Respiratory complications after solid-organ transplantation. Exp Clin Transplant Off J Middle East Soc Organ Transplant 13: 115-125.
Gudiol C, Sabé N, Carratalà J (2019) Is hospital-acquired pneumonia different in transplant recipients? Clin Microbiol Infect 25: 1186- 1194.
Hollyer I, Ison MG (2018) The challenge of urinary tract infections in renal transplant recipients. Transpl Infect Dis Off J Transplant Soc 20: e12828.
Xiong Y, Jiang J, Zhang H, Fu Q, Deng R, et al. (2018) Higher renal allograft function in deceased-donor kidney transplantation rather than in living-related kidney transplantation. Transplant Proc 50: 2412-22415.
Abderrahim E, Zammouri A, Bacha MM, Ounissi M, Gargah T, et al. (2017) Thirty years of experience at the first tunisian kidney transplant center. Exp Clin Transplant Off J Middle East Soc Organ Transplant 15: 84-89.
Noppakun K, Ingsathit A, Pongskul C, Premasthian N, Avihingsanon Y, et al. (2018) A 25-year experience of kidney transplantation in Thailand: Report from the Thai Transplant Registry. Nephrol Carlton Vic 20: 177-183.
Kumar A, Agarwal C, Hooda AK, Ojha A, Dhillon M, et al. (2017) Profile of infections in renal transplant recipients from India. J Fam Med Prim Care 5: 611-614.
Bahrami A, Shams SF, Eidgahi ES, Lotfi Z, Sheikhi M, et al. (2017) Epidemiology of infectious complications in renal allograft recipients in the first year after transplant. Exp Clin Transplant Off J Middle East Soc Organ Transplant 15: 631-635.
Hemmersbach-Miller M, Alexander BD, Sudan DL, Pieper C, Schmader KE (2019) Infections after kidney transplantation. Does age matter? Clin Transplant 33: e13516.
Sousa SR de, Galante NZ, Barbosa DA, Pestana JOM (2010) Incidence of infectious complications and their risk factors in the first year after renal transplantation. J Bras Nefrol Orgao Of Soc Bras E Lat-Am Nefrol 32: 75-82.
Kazımoğlu H, Harman R, Mercimek MN, Dokur M, Uysal E (2019) Evaluation of early and late-term infections after renal transplantation: Clinical experiences of Sanko University Medical Faculty Transplantation Center. Turk J Urol 45: 63-69.
Kotagiri P, Chembolli D, Ryan J, Hughes PD, Toussaint ND (2017) Urinary tract infections in the first year post-kidney transplantation: Potential benefits of treating asymptomatic bacteriuria. Transplant Proc 49: 2070-2075.
Al Midani A, Elands S, Collier S, Harber M, Shendi AM (2018) Impact of urinary tract infections in kidney transplant recipients: a 4-year single-center experience. Transplant Proc 50: 3351-3355.
Shuihui W, Xiaohui W, Yanyan D, Yunhong L, Yingxia L, et al. (2016) The prevalence and predictive factors of urinary tract infection in patients undergoing renal transplantation: A meta-analysis. Am J Infect Control 44: 1261-1268.
Ariza‐Heredia EJ, Beam EN, Lesnick TG, Cosio FG, Kremers WK, et al. (2014) Impact of urinary tract infection on allograft function after kidney transplantation. Clin Transplant 28: 683-690.
Green H, Rahamimov R, Gafter U, Leibovitci L, Paul M (2011) Antibiotic prophylaxis for urinary tract infections in renal transplant recipients: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Transpl Infect Dis Off J Transplant Soc 13: 441-447.
Espinar MJ, Miranda IM, Costa-de-Oliveira S, Rocha R, Rodrigues AG, et al. (2015) Urinary tract infections in kidney transplant patients due to escherichia coli and klebsiella pneumoniae-producing extendedspectrum β-Lactamases: Risk Factors and Molecular Epidemiology 10: 0134737.
Ariza-Heredia EJ, Beam EN, Lesnick TG, Kremers WK, Cosio FG,et al. (2013) Urinary tract infections in kidney transplant recipients: role of gender, urologic abnormalities, and antimicrobial prophylaxis. Ann Transplant 18: 195-204.
Khorvash F, Mortazavi M, Hakamifard A, Ataei B (2016) Comparison of the effect of co-trimoxazole and co-trimoxazole plus ciprofloxacin in urinary tract infection prophylaxis in kidney transplant patients. Adv Biomed Res 5:108.
Wojciechowski D, Chandran S (2013) Effect of ciprofloxacin combined with sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim prophylaxis on the incidence of urinary tract infections after kidney transplantation. Transplantation 96: 400-405.
Shapouri moghaddam A, Arfaatabar M, Tavakol afshari J, Shakerimoghaddam A, Mohammadzamani Z, et al. (2019) Prevalence and antimicrobial resistance of bacterial uropathogens isolated from iranian kidney transplant recipients: A systematic review and metaanalysis. Iran J Public Health 48: 2165-2176.
Parasuraman R, Julian K, AST Infectious Diseases Community of Practice (2013) Urinary tract infections in solid organ transplantation. Am J Transplant Off J Am Soc Transplant Am Soc Transpl Surg 13: 327-336.
Origüen J, López-Medrano F, Fernández-Ruiz M, Polanco N, Gutiérrez E, et al. (2016) Should asymptomatic bacteriuria be systematically treated in kidney transplant recipients? results from a randomized controlled trial. Am J Transplant Off J Am Soc Transplant Am Soc Transpl Surg 16: 2943-2953.
Green H, Rahamimov R, Goldberg E, Leibovici L, Gafter U, et al. (2013) Consequences of treated versus untreated asymptomatic bacteriuria in the first year following kidney transplantation: Retrospective observational study. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis Off Publ Eur Soc Clin Microbiol 32: 127-131.
Azap Ö, Togan T, Yesilkaya A, Arslan H, Haberal M, (2013) Antimicrobial susceptibilities of uropathogen Escherichia coli in renal transplant recipients: dramatic increase in ciprofloxacin resistance. Transplant Proc 45: 956-957.
Pouch SM, Kubin CJ, Satlin MJ, Tsapepas DS, Lee JR, et al. (2015) Epidemiology and outcomes of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae bacteriuria in kidney transplant recipients. Transpl Infect Dis Off J Transplant Soc 17: 800-809.
Rodrigues Dos Santos BG, Amaral ES, Fernandes PFCBC, Oliveira CMC, Rodrigues JLN, et al. (2016) Urinary Tract Infections and Surgical Site Infections due to Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae in Renal Transplant. Transplant Proc 48: 2050-2055.
Dizdar OS, Ersoy A, Akalin H (2014) Pneumonia after kidney transplant: incidence, risk factors and mortality. Exp Clin Transplant Off J Middle East Soc Organ Transplant 12: 205-211.
Kara S, Sen N, Kursun E, Yabanoğlu H, Yıldırım S, et al. (2018) Pneumonia in Renal Transplant Recipients: A Single-Center Study. Exp Clin Transplant Off J Middle East Soc Organ Transplant 16: 122-125.
Wilmes D, Coche E, Rodriguez-Villalobos H, Kanaan N (2018) Bacterial pneumonia in kidney transplant recipients. Respir Med 137: 89-94
Zeyneloğlu P (2015) Respiratory complications after solid-organ transplantation. Exp Clin Transplant Off J Middle East Soc Organ Transplant 13: 115-125.
Gudiol C, Sabé N, Carratalà J (2019) Is hospital-acquired pneumonia different in transplant recipients? Clin Microbiol Infect 25: 1186- 1194.
Publicado
2024-02-16
Cómo citar
Narcisa María Ochoa Bowen, Melania Lisbeth Vera Loor, Hugo Andrés Fernández Cedeño, & Maite Rocío Jumbo Delgado. (2024). Factores de riesgo, causas y complicaciones de la infección en pacientes adultos con trasplante renal. Revista Científica FIPCAEC (Fomento De La investigación Y publicación científico-técnica multidisciplinaria). ISSN : 2588-090X . Polo De Capacitación, Investigación Y Publicación (POCAIP), 9(1), 233-252. Recuperado a partir de https://fipcaec.com/index.php/fipcaec/article/view/956
Sección
Artículos de Investigación
