Anticuerpos irregulares en pacientes transfundidos: un enfoque desde la prevalencia, características clínicas y diagnóstico de los receptors
Palabras clave:
Aloanticuerpos; Autoanticuerpos; Transfusión de sangre.
Resumen
Los anticuerpos irregulares pueden dificultar la búsqueda de sangre compatible ocasionando una mayor carga de trabajo para el área de Medicina transfusional y un incremento de los costos. La alta demanda de transfusión de sangre conlleva a un alto riesgo de aloinmunización en la población, provocada por una gran variedad de antígenos de baja frecuencia que pueden provocar reacciones hemolíticas transfusional es incluso, causar la muerte del receptor. Este estudio tuvo por objetivo describir los anticuerpos irregulares en pacientes transfundidos de acuerdo a su prevalencia, características clínicas y el diagnóstico de los receptores. Se utilizó un diseño de narrativa documental, a través del cual se buscó identificar la prevalencia, características clínicas y diagnóstico de anticuerpos irregulares en pacientes transfundidos a nivel nacional e internacional.
Las bases de datos y motores de búsqueda consultados fueron Medline (PubMed), Science Directy Scielo, en donde se analizó los artículos a través de palabras clave. A partir del análisis se ha logrado comprender que los anticuerpos irregulares más comunes son:Rh(Anti-E,Anti-C,Anti-D,Anti-c,Anti-eyAnti-Cw);Lutheran(Anti-Lua); Kell (Anti-K, Anti-K1 y Anti-Kpa); Duffy (Anti Fy, Anti-Fy1, Anti-Fya y Anti-Fyb); MNS(Anti-MyAnti-S);Lewis(Anti-Le,Anti-LeayAnti-Leb);yKidd(Anti-Jka. Finalmente, también se logró asumir que, los métodos de detección de anticuerpos irregulares que más se utilizan técnicas de aglutinación en tubo, en columna o en micro- placa, con etapas a temperatura ambiente, 37°C y antiglobulina humana y en algunos servicios la técnica de aglutinación en columna de gel.
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Publicado
2022-11-20
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Tanyi Mercedes Navarrete Bermúdez, & Jazmín Castro Jalca. (2022). Anticuerpos irregulares en pacientes transfundidos: un enfoque desde la prevalencia, características clínicas y diagnóstico de los receptors. Revista Científica FIPCAEC (Fomento De La investigación Y publicación científico-técnica multidisciplinaria). ISSN : 2588-090X . Polo De Capacitación, Investigación Y Publicación (POCAIP), 7(4), 877-907. Recuperado a partir de https://fipcaec.com/index.php/fipcaec/article/view/666
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